D. low, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. This is an example of: That is, you make use of, The automatic system of the duplex mind makes use of a series of mental shortcuts in order to obtain quick information about the likelihood of different outcomes. A. have more interdependent selves A. failing to appreciate D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. -people's general reluctance to do much extra thinking. If we persist despite initial failures: . A)Lying to a friend to avoid embarrassment. it is more likely they will win the next hand than it actually is. B. self-schema This common misconception stems most directly from, People who think they have a hot hand after winning five poker hands in a row tend to think that. Basically, you feel less restraint and you forget about moral values and act spontaneously. In making this statement, your friend was most likely guided by. When she goes to college, she meets a Hispanic student. ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. A false-uniqueness effect was found on the part of low-fear subjects, as they tended to underestimate the incidence of low fear among their peers. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like After reading a story in the local newspaper about a recent robbery in the downtown area, Kerry remarks, "I'm not surprised he was robbed. Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. Research indicates that __________ and __________ are the two main motivations underlying the self-serving bias. counterfactual thinking. A. self-handicapping C. poor self-esteem Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to _____, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to _____. Self-serving bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's successes to personal characteristics, and one's failures to factors beyond one's control. Your general understanding of what a tropical island is all about is MOST clearly an example of, Harold Kelley's attribution theory is sometimes called, The state of having too much information to make a decision or remain informed about a topic is known as, According to the false consensus effect, most people. D. neither individual achievement nor relationships. She then goes ahead and orders a deluxe chocolate milkshake. It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. B. more negatively illusory correlation. The actor-observer bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. Compared to their performance when alone, when in the presence of others, they tend to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks and worse on complex or new ones. D. the brain stem, Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: Give an example of self-fulfilling prophecy. False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. B. self-efficacy A. internal That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. C. average -people rely on irrational thinking the vast majority of the time, but are still capable of engaging in careful, conscious thought when they need to make important decisions. -"Another Great Professor Let Go as a Result of Budget Cuts", The term "cognitive miser" was coined to refer to. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual Fifth, false consensus is in line with a Bayesian analysis that assumes a uniform prior distribution and one's own view as the only evidence (Dawes & Mulford, 1996). This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . C. self-worth D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation, Mark knows that he is an excellent liar but he doesn't feel very good about himself in general. A. collective narcissism Social psychology is the study of people in a group. Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. This cognitive bias tells us that our "sense" is common sense and that differing opinions are "abnormal.". Recall the "Castro study" conducted by Jones and Harris. A. postive -case history informationregardless of whether or not it is the first time they have purchased a car. According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, when consistency and consensus are both perceived to be low. If you have a schema about graduate students, then. Benjamin would likely receive a high score on a scale measuring: Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. That is, one of the things you ask about is. A. planning fallacy A. poor self-control D. traditionalists; progressives, A person's answer to the question "Who am I?" C. everyday hassles He's afraid of being unemployed and alone. That is, he was challenged to engage in. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action 10. Which of the following might be the headline of the article? C. high self-efficacy Social psychology is interested in how the group affects the individual and vice-versa. C. exhibit more health problems D. self awareness, According to the text, self-esteem typically _____ in Japanese exchange students after they spend several months at a Canadian university. C. the competitor as disadvantaged in comparison to us Encouraging people to rely more on their memories. The Stroop test is a psychological test that highlights. The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. the tendency. The fact that men and women report having had very different numbers of sex partners can be almost completely explained by the fact that men have engaged in more homosexual sex. D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self-doubts will help us succeed, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. Moving to another question will save this response. However, researchers have also found that. Yet Joe persists in his belief that people from "up north" are snobby. Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. . He then selects the 5 students with the highest scores for a special reading program. Even though there are not many astronauts in the world, you might immediately assume that this person is an astronaut just because he or she fits your image of what an astronaut is like. D. internal locus of control; self-concept, In the U.S., those living in Hawaii and the deep South exhibit more _______ than those living in the Mountain West states. How does the mode of responding impact conformity? When researchers survey men and women about the number of sex partners they have had, they tend to find that men report far more partners than womenwhich would seem to be logically impossible. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. D. emotions, Which of the following is false? In order to feel good about ourselves, we . D. social relationships help to define our self. D. individualism, Baumeister (2003) reported that people who engaged in sexual activity at an early age, teen gang leaders, terrorists, and men in prison for committing violent crimes tend to possess: A. failure and distance ourselves from success Which of the following statements is true about the false uniqueness effect? B. possible selves She assumes that the students will stare at her and comment on her hair color. This future self-schema you imagine is an example of a/an: Later, Joe learnsthat his sister's opinion was based on the fact that her boyfriend from "up north" recently dumped her. overestimate the number of people who agree with them. A. no different from those with low self-esteem A. it helps protect us from depression Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. D. learned helplessness, Our self-concept is fed by our roles, our social identity, our comparisons, and by: C. practice - you have a general sense of what they are like, what they do, and how they are different from other people. What decision barriers must marketers overcome if consumers are aware of the Diderot effect? But when the individuals were put in a group, the individuals conformed to the majority view/answer, which was clearly incorrect. Most people with high self-esteem value individual achievement and relationships with others. It is often attributed to a desire to view one's thoughts and actions as unusual, arising . Explain. humans have the largest area of cortex proportionate to their body size than any other animal. D)Failing your first social psychology exam. B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem all of the cases in a group from which samples may be drawn for a study. the distinction between automatic thinking and controlled thinking. D. individualism, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. Population. Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. A. individualists; collectivists Later, his fianc tells him that her parents were unimpressed with him. B. narcissists lack an interest in others Suppose that the campus newspaper publishes an article about it, invoking external, stable attributions. Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. C. self-esteem If you ask Raquel about her stocks, she makes self-serving attributions; she says: "I was very clever to invest in that first company, but I just had bad luck losing so much money with the other one." Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson, Religion - Rituals & Violence & Scriptures &, American Government U.S. Constitution study G. We tend to think that others would agree with us or see things our way. D. overestimating, You overhear a neighbor say that she believes gay marriage should be legal, and she opposes tax cuts for the wealthy. . redirect attention away from the unpleasant thought. Confusion over why someone treats you in a particular way is called a. emotional climate b. expectancy effect attributional ambiguity d. self-fulfilling prophecy 14. False Uniqueness Effect. The false uniqueness effect occurs when. A. attempt to control other aspects of their lives, such as how often they outside -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. The false consensus effect, the illusory correlation, and the first instinct fallacy are all examples of topics in __________ research. The next morning, however, his mood returned to normal. A. rare stressors, such as a family crisis -After ordering a cheeseburger for lunch, Dorothy thinks to herself, "well, my diet is already blown for the day; I might as well order a dessert too." Narcissists value: B. self-aggrandizement to underestimate the number of other. For example: Thinking that other people share your opinion on controversial topics; Overestimating the number of people who are similar to you; That is, both of them seem to be engaging in, Sometimes people blow on dice when playing a board game to make sure they get the numbers they need to advance in the game. In pronouncement of 18, the fallacy in this statement has too many questions. Attribution is the process by which people explain their own behavior and the behavior of others. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? This is known as: However . The essay was always about Castro, but it was either pro-Castro or anti-Castro. comprises his or her: C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. A. narcissists have higher IQs The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. This is an example of: D. self-presentation, Who is MOST likely to have an independent sense of self? C. perform moderately well. According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, in determining what type of attribution to make for this event, one of the questions you are likely to ask yourself is: "Has Gus ever given me a 'bad check' before?" A. a self-fulfilling prophecy Attribution theory is MOST concerned with, The paradoxical effects of thought suppression have been linked to psychological disorders such as. , _____ is the gradual increase in skills and . That is, it can be __________ in different ways. B. terror management theory Business Driven Technology Quizlet. He tells Kirk, If you dont start working out soon, you are going to die young and leave your children without a father! Dr. Canne is using a(n). Sociology is interested in how the group behaves and how groups interact with each other and society. Deindividuation involves loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity. Working out daily will help you maintain good health. 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names A. ourselves as superior to the competitor B. negative D. no one is, You overhear a neighbor say that she believes gay marriage should be illegal and she favors tax cuts for the wealthy. He explained his "D" in chemistry as being the result of "bad teaching." C. self-concerns motivate our social behavior. This could be an example of: D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. D. Jill who lives in Malaysia. The exam was really easy. Wilson and Gilbert (2003) referred to this phenomenon as: The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes. B. we are all in this together D. low self-efficacy, The sense of hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated negative events is called: The false uniqueness effect is the tendency of an individual to underestimate the extent to which other people share the same positive attitudes and behaviors.